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Fusarium rot of garlic bulbsCauseFusarium oxysporum Schlechtend: Fr. f.sp cepae (H.N. Hans) W.C. Synder & H.N.Hans OccurrenceF. oxysporum , F. culmorum and F. proliferatum occur in North America . These and the species noted above have been reported around the world, including India, Thailand, China, Japan, Iran, Israel, Australia and Europe. Symptoms
In storage, bulbs show spongy, sunken, yellow-brown rotting lesions. In the early stages, infected bulbs are softened, brown and watery when cut open. There may be a white, light pink or reddish fungal growth (mycelium) covering the cloves, or in the rot cavities. Deep cracks form in the cloves, followed by break down of the tissue, which will eventually dry down to a portion of its original size, the cloves becoming crinkled and small. Disease Cycle Fusarium is a soil borne fungus and can persist for long Management
References Abdel-Al, H.R., M.A. Baraka, Zeinab M. El Tobshy & M.M. El Boghdady, 1991. Integrated control of postharvest garlic rot diseases. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research 69:723-734 Barakat,F.M., M.A. Kararah, M.S. Mikhail & H. M. Fouly, 1985. Role of three species of bacteria in decaying garlic bulbs. Egypt . J. Phytopathol. 17:115-129
Chantarasnit, A. & V. Phanichyakorn, 1986. Microorganisms causing deterioration of stored garlic. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam . Soc. 34:95-104 Crowe, F., S.C. Scardaci, & A.C. Greathead, 1986. Fusarium basal rot of garlic. Proc. Am. Phytopath. Soc. Abstract #293 Dugan, F.M., B.C. Hellier & S.L. Lupien, 2003. First report of Fusarium proliferatum causing rot of garlic bulbs in North America . Plant Pathology 52:426 Galal, A.A., T.I. Abdel-Gawad & A.A.El Bana, 2002. Post harvest decay of garlic cloves caused by Bacillus polymyxa and Fusarium moniliforme. Egypt . J. Microbiol. 37:71-88 Gargi, & A.N. Roy, 1988. Prevention and control of some post harvest fungal diseases of garlic bulbs. Pesticides 22:11-15 Koch, M. & Z. Taanami,1995. Occurrence of Fusarium rot of stored garlic in Israel . Plant Disease 79:426 Koleva, K., 2004. Variety of species and spread of fungi of genus Fusarium related to rotting of garlic. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 10:177-180 Mahmoody, B.,1998. Fusarium oxysporum associated with garlic rot in Khorasan Province . Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology. 34:235-236 Matuo, Takken, Mamoru Miyagawa & Hideki Saito, 1986. Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. garlic n.sp. causing basal rot of garlic. Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 52: 860-864 Persley, D.M., R. O'Brien, & J.R. Syme (eds) 1989. Vegetable crops; a disease management guide. Department of Primary Industries, Queensland Government, Brisbane , 75pp. Pscheidt, J. W., & C. M. Ocamb . Senior Editors. 2008. Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook. Oregon State Extension Service. 642 pp. Rath, G.C. & G.N. Mohanty, 1986. Fusarium rot of stored garlic. Indian Phytopathology 39:614-615 Warade , S.D. & K.G. Shinde, 1998. Garlic pp397 - 413 In Salunke D.K. & S.S. Kadam (Eds), 1998. Handbook of vegetable science and technology. Production, composition, storage and processing. Food Science & Technology 86, Marcel Dekker Inc, NY Schwartz, H.F. & Krishna Mohan, 2006. Compendium of onion and garlic diseases and pests, 2 nd Ed. APS Press UC IPM Online. Onion and garlic basal rot. http://ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r584100611.html WSU Profiles. Crop Profile for garlic in Washington . http://www.tricity.wsu.edu/~cdaniels/profiles/Garlic.pdf Yun-ying, G.E. & X.U.Zhi-gang, 2001. Pathogen identification of garlic bulb rot disease. Plant Protection 27:10-12
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May 27, 2009
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Oregon State University Plant Clinic 
Plants may or may not show symptoms in the field or at harvest, but bulbs may subsequently rot in storage. In the field affected plants may show reduced emergence, yellowing and/or browning (necrosis) of leaves beginning at tips. The discoloration will move toward the base of the leaf, which will eventually wither and die. Other symptoms include reduced bulb size, bulb decay, and brown, poorly developed root systems. This is a result of decay of the stem plates and storage leaves. The stem 
plate and dry outer scales may crack open. There may be reddish or reddish purple discoloration on stems and bulbs. 
periods in the soil. Transmission may occur via infested soil on tools or equipment, infected debris, infected seed, or run-off water. The pathogen enters the plant through stem plate or wounded tissue. The disease develops from the base of the bulb and progresses towards the tips of the cloves. Infection may occur at any time in the field, or in storage. The disease is favored by higher temperatures, 68 º - 86 º F (20-30 C), and high humidity. Late season rains may favor the pathogen. 
Botcher, H. & K. Pohle, 1991. Untersuchungen zum auftreten von fäuleerscheinungen an knoblauchzwieben ( Allium sativum L.) in der nacherntephase. Arch. Phytopathol. Pflanzenschutz , Berlin 27:445-457